UNITE Glossary · Strategy & Portfolio

Three Horizons Model

The Three Horizons Model is a strategic planning framework that sorts initiatives into three time-based bands—defending the core business today, building emerging opportunities next, and seeding options for the long term—so leaders can invest across all three at once instead of trading one against another.

Horizon 1 covers the mature business that generates today's cash. Horizon 2 covers rising ventures on a path to scale. Horizon 3 covers early experiments and research whose payoff is distant and uncertain. The model asks leaders to hold all three live simultaneously, since a portfolio weighted only to Horizon 1 quietly starves its own future.

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Each horizon carries a different logic for metrics, funding, and governance. Horizon 1 is judged on efficiency and margin; Horizon 3 on learning and optionality. Confusing the two—demanding near-term profit from a long-term bet—is a common way promising ideas die.

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